Dùng để so sánh người, vật, hoặc hành động về tính chất, mức độ, hay số lượng. Có 3 dạng chính: So sánh bằng (Equal), So sánh hơn (Comparative), So sánh nhất (Superlative).
| Dạng | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Khẳng định | S + be + as + adj + as + N/pronoun S + V + as + adv + as |
She is as tall as her brother. He runs as fast as me. |
| Phủ định | S + be + not as/so + adj + as | This book is not as interesting as that one. |
| Dạng | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Tính từ ngắn | S + be + adj-er + than + N/pronoun | She is taller than me. |
| Trạng từ / Tính từ dài | S + V + more + adv + than hoặc S + be + more + adj + than |
He works more carefully than before. This book is more interesting than that one. |
| Dạng | Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Tính từ ngắn | S + be + the + adj-est + N/pronoun | He is the tallest student in the class. |
| Tính từ dài | S + be + the most + adj (+ N/pronoun) | This is the most beautiful flower. |
| Loại tính từ | Quy tắc (Comparative / Superlative) | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Tính từ ngắn (1 âm tiết) | + -er / + -est | tall → taller → the tallest cold → colder → the coldest |
| Kết thúc bằng -e | + -r / + -st | large → larger → the largest nice → nicer → the nicest |
| Phụ âm + y ở cuối | đổi y → i + -er / -est (-ier/-iest) | happy → happier → the happiest busy → busier → the busiest |
| Một âm tiết, kết thúc C + V + C | gấp đôi phụ âm cuối + -er / -est | big → bigger → the biggest hot → hotter → the hottest |
| Tính từ 2 âm tiết kết thúc bằng -y | đổi y → i + -er / -est | easy → easier → the easiest noisy → noisier → the noisiest |
| Một số tính từ 2 âm tiết dễ nhận (-le, -ow, -er) | thường dùng -er / -est (chấp nhận more/the most trong một số trường hợp) | simple → simpler → the simplest narrow → narrower → the narrowest clever → cleverer → the cleverest |
| Tính từ dài (≥ 2 âm tiết, không kết thúc bằng -y) | dùng more + adj / the most + adj | beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful |
| My house is bigger than yours. My house is bigger than yours. | ||
| This book is more interesting than that one. This book is more interesting than that one. | ||
| Today is colder than yesterday. Today is colder than yesterday. | ||
| She is taller than her sister. She is taller than her sister. | ||
| This car is faster than that one. This car is faster than that one. | ||
| My phone is more expensive than his. My phone is more expensive than his. | ||
| This movie is better than the last one. This movie is better than the last one. | ||
| English is easier than French. English is easier than French. | ||
| I'm happier today. I'm happier today. | ||
| He is more famous than his brother. He is more famous than his brother. | ||
| This test is harder than the last one. This test is harder than the last one. | ||
| This chair is more comfortable than that chair. This chair is more comfortable than that chair. | ||
| My room is cleaner than yours. My room is cleaner than yours. | ||
| This street is busier than that one. This street is busier than that one. | ||
| She is as tall as her brother. She is as tall as her brother. | ||
| This cake is as sweet as chocolate. This cake is as sweet as chocolate. | ||
| He is as kind as his father. He is as kind as his father. | ||
| My bag is as heavy as yours. My bag is as heavy as yours. | ||
| This shop is as cheap as that one. This shop is as cheap as that one. | ||
| It's not as cold as yesterday. It's not as cold as yesterday. | ||
| Mount Everest is the highest mountain. Mount Everest is the highest mountain. | ||
| This is the most beautiful beach. This is the most beautiful beach. | ||
| He is the best student in my class. He is the best student in my class. | ||
| That was the worst day of my life. That was the worst day of my life. | ||
| This is the biggest city in Vietnam. This is the biggest city in Vietnam. | ||
| She is the most intelligent girl I know. She is the most intelligent girl I know. | ||
| Today is the hottest day of the week. Today is the hottest day of the week. | ||
| My car is newer than yours. My car is newer than yours. | ||
| This exam is easier than the last one. This exam is easier than the last one. | ||
| He runs faster than me. He runs faster than me. | ||